Prostate cancer

How many men die for it?

An estimated 28,900 American men will die from prostate cancer in 2003. After lung cancer, it is the second most common cause of cancer mortality in U.S. men, accounting for 11 percent of cancer deaths. About 90 percent of men with prostate cancer survive at least five years after diagnosis, and two-thirds live 10 years or more. Early detection and treatment boost survival.


What causes it?

Prostate cancer occurs when malignant cells form and spread through the prostate gland. The malignant cells develop when changes occur in DNA, the genetic material containing the "instructions" for all types of cells. When DNA is altered, normal cells can grow abnormally and form cancer. Exactly how DNA is altered in prostate cancer remains unclear. However, a number of factors have been implicated in prostate cancer development, including advancing age, African-American race, a family history of the disease and a high-fat diet.

Can it be prevented?

The uncertainty about the causes and controllable risk factors for prostate cancer complicates prevention. The best evidence available relates to dietary habits. Following a balanced diet that is low in fat and emphasizes fruits, vegetables and grain products may help reduce cancer risk.

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